By Alissa L. Meister and Nina Hsu Image via nih.gov At the National Institutes of Health, the neuroethics program within the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Initiative works with the BRAIN community to  identify and navigate ethical challenges and implications of neuroscience research programs and discoveries, and to facilitate neuroscience progress. The pace of neuroscience and the development of new technologies is accelerating quickly. These advances in our understanding of the brain and ability to monitor and modulate brain function can raise unresolved ethical questions, such as those related to personal identity, consciousness, and autonomy. For example, deep brain stimulation treatment may alleviate symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, but how do patients balance this benefit with potential changes in how they are behaving or feeling? How can scientists incorporate patients’ values and perspectives into their research? And how can we ensure th